llms.txt: what it is, who reads it, and how to write one
llms.txt is a Markdown summary of your site for language models. What the proposal says, who actually reads it today, and how to write and test one.
9 min read
11 guides
Structure and schema
Once a crawler can read a page, structure helps it understand what the page is about and who it belongs to. These guides cover structured data, headings, canonical URLs, sitemaps and llms.txt, with a clear line between what is documented and what is hype.
Structured data for AI search: what helps and what is hype
What structured data does for AI search, what Google and AI operators actually document, which JSON-LD types matter, and how to test that your markup is right.
8 min read
Article schema done right: Article, BlogPosting and NewsArticle
How to write Article schema in JSON-LD: headline, author as a Person with a url, honest datePublished and dateModified, image, publisher and the common mistakes.
9 min read
Broken internal links: helping crawlers find every page
Broken internal links, orphan pages and JavaScript-only menus hide pages from crawlers. How link discovery works, how to find broken links and how to fix them.
9 min read
Canonical tags and duplicate URLs: how they confuse crawlers
What a canonical tag tells crawlers, the conflicts with redirects, sitemaps and hreflang that get it ignored, and how to audit canonicals with curl in minutes.
10 min read
Common JSON-LD errors and how to fix them
The JSON-LD errors that make structured data unreadable or untrustworthy, from trailing commas to conflicting plugin blocks, with broken and fixed snippets.
9 min read
FAQ schema in 2026: what FAQPage markup still does
Google no longer shows FAQ rich results. What FAQ schema still does, when FAQPage markup fits, the rules to follow and a JSON-LD example you can copy.
9 min read
Heading structure SEO: headings, landmarks and link text
Heading structure SEO for people and machines: match the title and H1, keep heading levels logical, add main and nav landmarks, and write descriptive link text.
9 min read
Organization schema: telling machines who you are
A complete Organization schema example in JSON-LD, which LocalBusiness subtype to use, where to put the markup, and the errors that make it contradict itself.
9 min read
Product schema for shopping answers and rich results
How to write Product schema that Google accepts: Offer, price, availability, GTIN and brand, honest reviews, variants, and a price that matches the page.
8 min read
XML sitemaps for AI discovery: what to list and how to submit
An XML sitemap tells crawlers which URLs exist and when they changed. What to list, accurate lastmod, size limits, robots.txt, Search Console, Bing and IndexNow.
9 min read